CWE-836: Use of Password Hash Instead of Password for Authentication

What is CWE-836?

MITRE CWE

The product records password hashes in a data store, receives a hash of a password from a client, and compares the supplied hash to the hash obtained from the data store.

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Detailed description

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Characteristics

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Common consequences

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Mitigations

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Detection methods

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Representative vulnerabilities

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Official MITRE CWE dataMITRE CWE

Original source fields and evidence from the MITRE CWE record.

Official definition

MITRE CWE

The product records password hashes in a data store, receives a hash of a password from a client, and compares the supplied hash to the hash obtained from the data store.

Some authentication mechanisms rely on the client to generate the hash for a password, possibly to reduce load on the server or avoid sending the password across the network. However, when the client is used to generate the hash, an attacker can bypass the authentication by obtaining a copy of the hash, e.g. by using SQL injection to compromise a database of authentication credentials, or by exploiting an information exposure. The attacker could then use a modified client to replay the stolen hash without having knowledge of the original password.

As a result, the server-side comparison against a client-side hash does not provide any more security than the use of passwords without hashing.

Modes of introduction

  • Implementation: REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

Common consequences

  • Access Control

    Bypass Protection Mechanism, Gain Privileges or Assume Identity

    An attacker could bypass the authentication routine without knowing the original password.

Representative vulnerabilities

These examples illustrate this CWE entry and are not an exhaustive list of related vulnerabilities.

  • CVE-2009-1283Product performs authentication with user-supplied password hashes that can be obtained from a separate SQL injection vulnerability (CVE-2009-1282).
  • CVE-2005-3435Product allows attackers to bypass authentication by obtaining the password hash for another user and specifying the hash in the pwd argument.

Sources and references

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