CWE-193 is Off-by-one Error. The flaw arises when a product calculates or uses an incorrect maximum or minimum value that is 1 more, or 1 less, than the correct value. The database currently holds 66 vulnerabilities mapped to CWE-193 and none of them are in the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
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No vulnerability data in CISA KEV for CWE-193
A product calculates or uses an incorrect maximum or minimum value that is 1 more, or 1 less, than the correct value.
| Impact | Scope | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| DoS: Crash, Exit, or Restart, DoS: Resource Consumption (CPU), DoS: Resource Consumption (Memory), DoS: Instability | Availability | This weakness will generally lead to undefined behavior and therefore crashes. In the case of overflows involving loop index variables, the likelihood of infinite loops is also high. |
| Modify Memory | Integrity | If the value in question is important to data (as opposed to flow), simple data corruption has occurred. Also, if the wrap around results in other conditions such as buffer overflows, further memory corruption may occur. |
| Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands, Bypass Protection Mechanism | Confidentiality, Availability, Access Control | This weakness can sometimes trigger buffer overflows which can be used to execute arbitrary code. This is usually outside the scope of a program's implicit security policy. |
| Method | Approach | Effectiveness |
|---|---|---|
| Automated Static Analysis | Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.) | High |
Below are representative vulnerabilities related to this CWE, prioritized by severity.
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