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monash university | study at monash uni | melbourne
study at monash, one of australia's most prestigious universities. we offer a range of world class degrees in numerous disciplines, see more.
IndustryOriginGlobal rankRank in Australia
Updated at The higher the score, the more externally observable protections the system has recorded. This page does not certify that the website is reputable, legitimate, or completely free of vulnerabilities.
As of August 12, 2026 at 14:02, learning.monash.edu has a security score of 97.2/100 (grade A+ – “Exceptional”). CyStack’s automated assessment recorded 4 issues to review after completing 85.5% of applicable checks. The website owner should address “Authorized email senders (SPF)” first, then review the remaining items in order of impact.
At assessment time, CyStack did not find learning.monash.edu or related infrastructure on any scam, phishing, or malware warning list after checking 5 online reputation sources. This result reflects external observations; it does not guarantee absolute safety or verify the organization’s legal status or reputation.
There are 3 issues to prioritize because they have the greatest impact on the security of learning.monash.edu.
Check result
The scan did not collect enough evidence for a reliable conclusion.
Why it matters
An expired domain stops directing users to the organization's services and may eventually become available to someone else. A domain close to expiry leaves little time to recover from payment or account problems.
What to do
Renew well before the expiry date, enable automatic renewal, and protect the payment method and registrar account.
Compare the security level of each assessed category at a glance.
Frequently asked questions
A valid SSL certificate still does not prove that learning.monash.edu is safe, legitimate, or free of scam signals. For a more complete assessment, this report also checks phishing and malware, exposed email records, IPs and open ports, subdomains, technologies, and CVEs that may apply to observed versions.
learning.monash.edu used a valid SSL certificate at assessment time, valid until October 22, 2026. This status may change when the certificate expires or the server configuration changes.
Review HTTPS and certificateNo record associated with an @learning.monash.edu email address was found in the currently available data. This does not rule out incidents that have not been observed.
Data sources
CyStack compiles scan results from its internal cybersecurity monitoring systems, including CyStack VulnScan and CyStack Threat Intelligence, together with publicly available Internet data. The assessment only observes and analyzes information already available; it does not attempt unauthorized access, test passwords, send exploit code, or change or disrupt the assessed system.
CyStack VulnScan continuously discovers assets, validates vulnerabilities, and helps security teams prioritize remediation across the enterprise.
Check result
The scan did not collect enough evidence for a reliable conclusion.
Why it matters
Registrar or registry restrictions such as hold, redemption, or pending deletion can disable the domain. If they are not resolved, the organization may lose control of its website and email identity.
What to do
Resolve registration restrictions promptly, protect the registrar account with MFA, and keep ownership and contact information current.
Check result
No SPF record was found.
Why it matters
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) lists the systems allowed to send email for the domain. Without it, receiving services have less evidence to distinguish legitimate mail from spoofed mail.
What to do
Publish one SPF TXT record that includes every legitimate email service and no unauthorized sender.
References
The complete list of issues to review, including the three priorities highlighted in the summary.
Check result
Known-exploited status is inconclusive because the reference data or CVE matching coverage was incomplete.
Why it matters
Comparing applicable CVEs with CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog distinguishes theoretical risk from vulnerabilities exploited in real attacks. The product, version, and relevant CVE must be identified correctly before reaching that conclusion.
What to do
Finish verifying the product and version, then compare the relevant CVEs with the KEV catalog again. Treat a KEV item as urgent only after confirming that the CVE actually applies to the system.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
Observed 1 versioned product(s), but none had a safe exact CPE mapping.
Why it matters
The detected product and version were compared with vulnerability records from the National Vulnerability Database (NVD). A match is a lead, not confirmation: the installed software may include vendor fixes or may differ from the version visible on the Internet.
What to do
Confirm the exact installed package and read the vendor advisory. If that installation is affected, apply the vendor patch or upgrade to a fixed version.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The scan did not collect enough evidence for a reliable conclusion.
Why it matters
An expired domain stops directing users to the organization's services and may eventually become available to someone else. A domain close to expiry leaves little time to recover from payment or account problems.
What to do
Renew well before the expiry date, enable automatic renewal, and protect the payment method and registrar account.
Check result
The scan did not collect enough evidence for a reliable conclusion.
Why it matters
Registrar or registry restrictions such as hold, redemption, or pending deletion can disable the domain. If they are not resolved, the organization may lose control of its website and email identity.
What to do
Resolve registration restrictions promptly, protect the registrar account with MFA, and keep ownership and contact information current.
Check result
No SPF record was found.
Why it matters
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) lists the systems allowed to send email for the domain. Without it, receiving services have less evidence to distinguish legitimate mail from spoofed mail.
What to do
Publish one SPF TXT record that includes every legitimate email service and no unauthorized sender.
References
Check result
No explicit MX or Null MX record was found.
Why it matters
MX records direct incoming email to the correct mail servers. Broken records can stop delivery, while a Null MX clearly tells senders that the domain does not receive email.
What to do
Correct unreachable or outdated MX hosts, or publish a Null MX if the domain is not intended to receive email.
Check result
No active subdomain was confirmed in this scan. Discovery did not finish, so this does not mean that none exist.
Why it matters
Names containing admin, development, staging, VPN, database, or monitoring terms may point attackers toward valuable systems. A name alone does not prove exposure, but it identifies a surface that should be reviewed.
What to do
Remove obsolete DNS names and protect non-public systems with strong authentication, MFA, network allowlists, or a VPN.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No explicit MX or Null MX record was found.
Why it matters
A domain should clearly state whether it receives email. Without valid MX records or a Null MX, senders may try an unintended server and delivery behavior becomes unpredictable.
What to do
Publish valid MX records for the intended mail servers, or a Null MX if the domain never accepts email.
Check result
No DNSSEC DS delegation was found.
Why it matters
DNSSEC adds digital signatures so resolvers can detect forged DNS answers. This quick check confirms the parent domain has a DS record, but it does not validate the complete signature chain.
What to do
Sign the DNS zone, publish the matching DS record through the registrar, and monitor the signature chain after key changes.
References
Check result
The certificate matches the requested target.
Why it matters
The certificate must list the exact hostname visitors requested in its Subject Alternative Names (SAN). A mismatch produces browser warnings because the certificate may belong to a different service.
What to do
Issue and deploy a certificate whose SAN list includes every public hostname served by this website address.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The certificate chains to a trusted root.
Why it matters
Browsers trust a website only when its certificate can be traced to a recognized certificate provider. An untrusted certificate causes warnings and prevents visitors from reliably confirming the website's identity.
What to do
Install a certificate from a provider trusted by common browsers and configure the server to send every required intermediate certificate.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
A TLS handshake succeeded on port 443.
Why it matters
HTTPS encrypts data between visitors and the website and helps prove they reached the intended service. Without it, network observers may read or alter traffic and browsers may show a security warning.
What to do
Provide the entire website over HTTPS using a certificate trusted by common browsers.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The target resolved to 4 public IP address(es).
Why it matters
Public DNS connects the domain to its Internet addresses. Missing or incorrect records can make the service unreachable or send traffic to the wrong system.
What to do
Make sure the domain resolves only to its intended public IP addresses, and remove private, reserved, or outdated records.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
If either a password page or the address receiving its form uses HTTP, someone observing the network may read or change the submitted password.
What to do
Serve every page containing a password field over HTTPS and submit each password form directly to an HTTPS address.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No public management service was found on the scanned TCP port set.
Why it matters
Remote administration services such as RDP, VNC, Docker, Kubernetes, and management consoles are high-value targets. Public exposure allows anyone on the Internet to attempt passwords or exploit an unpatched service.
What to do
Remove direct Internet access and require a VPN, a hardened access gateway, or trusted source networks; also use MFA where supported.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No public datastore service was found on the scanned TCP port set.
Why it matters
Databases and caches often contain sensitive information and are normally used only by internal applications. Direct Internet access makes password attacks and configuration mistakes much more likely to become a data breach.
What to do
Listen only on private interfaces, allow connections only from required application systems, and require strong authentication and encryption.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No public file-sharing service was found on the scanned TCP port set.
Why it matters
Services such as SMB, NFS, and rsync can reveal or modify shared files and have a history of serious vulnerabilities. They rarely need to accept connections directly from the public Internet.
What to do
Limit file-sharing services to private networks or a tightly controlled VPN, and allow only the users and systems that require access.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No public legacy cleartext service was found on the scanned TCP port set.
Why it matters
Older services such as Telnet, FTP, and unencrypted mail or directory protocols can send passwords and data in readable form. Anyone able to observe the network path may capture them.
What to do
Disable the legacy service or replace it with an encrypted alternative such as SSH, SFTP, HTTPS, or the secure version of the mail protocol.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No issue was found by this check.
Why it matters
HttpOnly prevents browser scripts from directly reading a cookie. It does not fix script injection, but it makes theft of session and authentication cookies more difficult.
What to do
Set HttpOnly on session and authentication cookies unless the application has a documented need to read them in browser code.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No issue was found by this check.
Why it matters
The Secure attribute prevents a browser from sending a cookie over unencrypted HTTP. Without it, session or authentication data may be exposed to someone observing the network.
What to do
Set Secure on every session, authentication, and other sensitive cookie served by the HTTPS application.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The certificate is valid from 2026-04-07T00:00:00Z to 2026-10-21T23:59:59Z.
Why it matters
A certificate works only between its start and expiry dates. An expired, not-yet-valid, or soon-to-expire certificate can trigger browser warnings and interrupt access to the website or API.
What to do
Use automatic renewal, monitor renewal failures, and alert the responsible team well before expiry.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The certificate uses SHA256-RSA with a 2048-bit public key.
Why it matters
The certificate's public key and signature algorithm protect it from forgery. Keys that are too short or signatures based on obsolete algorithms provide less protection against modern attacks.
What to do
Use RSA with at least 2048 bits or a modern elliptic-curve key, and use SHA-256 or a stronger signature algorithm.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
Accepted versions: TLS 1.2, TLS 1.3.
Why it matters
TLS 1.0 and TLS 1.1 use outdated security designs and are no longer accepted by modern standards. Leaving them enabled allows older, weaker connection methods.
What to do
Disable TLS 1.0 and TLS 1.1, support TLS 1.2 securely, and enable TLS 1.3 where possible.
Data recorded by the system
References
Check result
No independent abuse-list consensus was found across 5 definitive providers.
Why it matters
Security and email providers maintain DNS-based blacklists of IP addresses associated with spam, malware, or compromised systems. Several current, independent listings are a strong reason to investigate, although a shared IP can sometimes affect unrelated customers.
What to do
Verify each listing against the affected IP, investigate mail and host activity, fix the underlying cause, and then follow the provider's removal process.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The effective DMARC policy is reject.
Why it matters
A policy of quarantine or reject tells receiving services to move suspicious mail to spam or refuse it. A monitoring-only policy (p=none) records the problem but does not ask receivers to stop spoofed mail.
What to do
After every legitimate sender passes DMARC, move gradually to quarantine and then reject, covering 100% of messages.
Data recorded by the system
References
Check result
A DMARC policy was found.
Why it matters
DMARC lets the domain owner tell receiving services what to do when the visible From address is not verified by SPF or DKIM. Without DMARC, attackers have more opportunity to impersonate the domain in phishing email.
What to do
Publish a DMARC record at _dmarc, begin by collecting reports, and confirm that legitimate senders pass before applying a blocking policy.
Data recorded by the system
References
Check result
The core DMARC policy tags passed structural validation.
Why it matters
Receiving services may ignore a DMARC record that contains duplicate fields, invalid values, or is published at the wrong DNS name. An ignored record provides no reliable protection from domain impersonation.
What to do
Publish one valid DMARC record at _dmarc and correct duplicate fields, unsupported values, and invalid report addresses.
References
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) decides which websites may read responses from this service in a visitor's browser. Rules that trust arbitrary origins, especially with login cookies, can expose private data to another website.
What to do
Allow only explicitly trusted websites, compare the Origin value with an exact approved list, and never allow login credentials with the wildcard origin (*).
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
Content Security Policy (CSP) limits where scripts, styles, frames, and other browser content may come from. A strong policy reduces the impact if an attacker manages to inject content into a page.
What to do
Define only the sources the application needs, test the policy before activating it, and avoid broad wildcard (*) rules, unsafe-inline, and unsafe-eval where possible.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No issue was found by this check.
Why it matters
SameSite limits when a browser includes cookies in requests started by another website. This helps prevent another site from silently making an authenticated request on a user's behalf.
What to do
Use SameSite=Lax or Strict by default. Use SameSite=None only for a required cross-site flow and always combine it with Secure.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No issue was found by this check.
Why it matters
Without the nosniff setting, a browser may guess a file's type and treat harmless-looking content as executable code. This can turn an incorrect Content-Type into a security issue.
What to do
Send X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff on every response and return an accurate Content-Type.
Data recorded by the system
References
Check result
The server presented 3 certificate(s).
Why it matters
The server must provide the intermediate certificates that connect its website certificate to a trusted provider. If any are missing, some browsers, mobile devices, or API clients may reject the connection.
What to do
Configure the server to send the website certificate followed by every required intermediate certificate, but not the root certificate.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The HTTPS response enables HSTS.
Why it matters
HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) tells a browser to use HTTPS automatically on future visits. This reduces the chance that a visitor is downgraded to an unencrypted connection.
What to do
After confirming that every required page works over HTTPS, send the Strict-Transport-Security header on all HTTPS responses.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The HTTP root reaches HTTPS within the target domain before redirecting outside scan scope.
Why it matters
Visitors may enter an address beginning with HTTP or follow an old link. Redirecting them immediately to HTTPS prevents the rest of the visit from continuing over an unencrypted connection.
What to do
Redirect every HTTP URL directly to its corresponding HTTPS URL without passing through another HTTP address.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No matching credential exposure records were found in the currently indexed intelligence data. This does not prove that no exposure exists.
Why it matters
Infostealer intelligence may contain credentials associated with the domain, but it does not prove that an account is current, valid, or still exposed.
What to do
Review the masked evidence and observation time, validate affected accounts and devices, then reset active credentials and sessions, enforce MFA, and remove malware where confirmed.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
Another website can place this page inside a hidden or misleading frame and trick a user into clicking an unintended action. Frame restrictions tell browsers which sites, if any, may embed the page.
What to do
Set frame-ancestors in CSP to the required trusted sites, and keep X-Frame-Options for older browsers when appropriate.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
An HTTPS page can still load scripts, frames, styles, or forms over unencrypted HTTP. An attacker on the network may alter that content and compromise the otherwise secure page.
What to do
Load every script, frame, stylesheet, and form destination over HTTPS, and remove or replace resources that do not support it.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
When a web server automatically lists a directory, visitors may discover files that were never linked publicly, including backups, logs, or deployment artifacts.
What to do
Disable automatic directory indexes unless public file browsing is an intentional feature, and remove sensitive files from web-accessible folders.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
This check does not apply to the target.
Why it matters
The final SPF rule tells receiving services how confidently they should reject unlisted senders. A permissive result allows more spoofed mail to appear legitimate than a hard fail (-all).
What to do
Confirm that every legitimate sender is included, then end the SPF record with -all.
References
Check result
This check does not apply to the target.
Why it matters
More than one SPF record, invalid terms, or too many DNS lookups can make SPF return a permanent error. Receiving services may then be unable to verify authorized senders.
What to do
Keep one valid SPF record, remove invalid terms, and remain within the SPF limit of ten DNS-based lookups.
References
Check result
No public unexpected service was found on the scanned TCP port set.
Why it matters
Every open service can be discovered and attacked and must be configured, monitored, and patched. Services without a clear public purpose add risk without providing business value.
What to do
Confirm the owner and purpose of every open port, then stop or firewall any service that is not intentionally public.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The HSTS max-age is at least 180 days.
Why it matters
The max-age value controls how long browsers remember to use HTTPS. A very short period provides limited protection, while includeSubDomains also covers every subdomain and can break one that does not support HTTPS.
What to do
Use a long max-age, and add includeSubDomains only after confirming that every active subdomain works correctly over HTTPS.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
Aggregate reporting is configured.
Why it matters
DMARC aggregate reports show which systems send email using the domain and which messages fail verification. They help find both impersonation attempts and legitimate services that need correction.
What to do
Add an aggregate report address (rua) that is protected and monitored, or use a trusted DMARC reporting service.
Data recorded by the system
References
Check result
Found 5 applicable CAA record(s).
Why it matters
Certificate Authority Authorization (CAA) records state which certificate providers may issue certificates for the domain. This reduces the chance of an unintended provider issuing one.
What to do
Publish CAA records that allow only the certificate providers your organization actually uses.
Data recorded by the system
References
Check result
Found 3 authoritative name server(s).
Why it matters
Authoritative name servers tell visitors where the domain is hosted. Depending on only one server creates a single point of failure for the website and email.
What to do
Use at least two authoritative name servers, preferably on independent and resilient infrastructure.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
Permissions-Policy controls whether this page and embedded content may use features such as the camera, microphone, and location. Leaving unused features available creates unnecessary access paths.
What to do
Allow each sensitive browser feature only for the pages and trusted origins that require it, and disable the rest.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
When a visitor follows a link, the browser may send the previous page's URL to the destination. Paths and query values in that URL can reveal sensitive context to another website.
What to do
Use strict-origin-when-cross-origin or a stricter Referrer-Policy, and avoid placing secrets in URLs.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
The destination is outside this scan's domain boundary, so this control was not assessed from the redirect response.
Why it matters
Exact web server or framework versions help attackers quickly look for known weaknesses that may apply. Hiding a version is not a substitute for patching, but unnecessary disclosure gives away useful targeting information.
What to do
Remove unnecessary version details from Server, X-Powered-By, error pages, and application metadata, and keep the software patched.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
5 providers were definitive and 1 were inconclusive.
Why it matters
This shows how many independent blacklist services returned a clear result. A service that was unavailable was not checked successfully and must not be treated as a clean result.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
Public signals from the website and its open services revealed 4 technology item(s).
Why it matters
Response headers, page content, and other public clues suggest which technologies the service uses. These observations help explain the attack surface, but they can be incomplete or mistaken and do not by themselves confirm a vulnerability.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
No WAF, CDN, or edge product matched the passive root-response signals; this does not prove that protection is absent.
Why it matters
Public response details suggest that a Web Application Firewall (WAF), CDN, or other edge service is present. This quick scan identified the provider but did not test whether attack blocking is configured or working correctly.
Data recorded by the system
Check result
Observed 1 versioned product(s); 0 had exact CPE mappings and 0 completed lookup(s).
Why it matters
This shows how many detected products had reliable version information and an exact CPE identity, allowing them to be checked against CVE applicability data. A product that could not be checked must not be treated as free of known vulnerabilities.
Data recorded by the system
Addresses, servers and services that are visible from the Internet.
Each public IP is grouped with its open services, identified products and any CVEs that may apply to the observed version.
13.248.199.184aa545de7956b7608d.awsglobalaccelerator.com
Elastic Load BalancingElastic Load Balancing2.076.223.66.56aa545de7956b7608d.awsglobalaccelerator.comElastic Load BalancingCheck whether the website uses a secure connection and whether its HTTPS certificate remains valid.
Identify website protection and check whether public IPs appear on warning lists.
Check domain and email settings that help prevent brand impersonation.
No exposure record was found for an email address whose domain exactly matches this target. This does not guarantee that an exposure has never occurred.
Data provided by CyStack Threat Intelligence.
CyStack is still updating this list. It is too early to conclude that this domain has no subdomains.
This is a quick, point-in-time check from outside the organization. It can surface visible risks, but it does not replace penetration testing or an authenticated assessment.
The assessment identified 4 technologies on learning.monash.edu, including 1 with a version, but CVE matching did not complete for every version. An empty result should not be treated as proof that no vulnerability exists.
Review technologies and CVEsThe assessment observed 2 public IPs and 4 open ports for learning.monash.edu. An open port is not the same as a vulnerability, but the website owner should keep every public service updated and appropriately restrict access.
Review IPs and open portsThere is not enough data to provide a reliable count of public subdomains for learning.monash.edu.
Review discovered subdomainsReferences
References
References
References
References
References
HSTSM
MoodleP
PHPHSTSSecurityVersion not visibleHTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) informs browsers that the site should only be accessed using HTTPS.
www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6797#section-6.1MoodleLMSVersion not visibleElastic Load Balancing2.0Product not identified
| Hosting or network provider | DroneBL | Mailspike | PSBL | SpamCop | blocklist.de | Spamhaus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13.248.199.184 | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Unavailable |
| 76.223.66.56 | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Not listed | Unavailable |
Website rankings and industry category are based on data from Similarweb
Moodle is a free and open-source Learning Management System (LMS) written in PHP and distributed under the GNU General Public License.
moodle.orgPHPProgramming LanguagesVersion not visiblePHP is a general-purpose scripting language used for web development.
php.netRecently completed assessments, prioritizing websites with a similar sector, country or security grade for easier comparison.
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