Định nghĩa chính thức

TheoMitre CWE

Đặc điểm

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Giai đoạn hình thành

Kiến trúc và thiết kế: OMISSION: This weakness is caused by missing a security tactic during the architecture and design phase.
Hiện thực hóa

Hậu quả thường gặp

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Tác động	Phạm vi	Diễn giải
Thực thi mã hoặc lệnh trái phép, Thay đổi logic thực thi, Khác	Tính toàn vẹn, Tính sẵn sàng, Tính bí mật, Khác	Executing untrusted code could compromise the control flow of the program. The untrusted code could execute attacker-controlled commands, read or modify sensitive resources, or prevent the software from functioning correctly for legitimate users.

Biện pháp giảm thiểu rủi ro

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Hiện thực hóaPerform proper forward and reverse DNS lookups to detect DNS spoofing.This is only a partial solution since it will not prevent your code from being modified on the hosting site or in transit.
Kiến trúc và thiết kế, Vận hànhEncrypt the code with a reliable encryption scheme before transmitting. This will only be a partial solution, since it will not detect DNS spoofing and it will not prevent your code from being modified on the hosting site.
Thư viện hoặc framework · Kiến trúc và thiết kếUse a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482]. Speficially, it may be helpful to use tools or frameworks to perform integrity checking on the transmitted code. - When providing the code that is to be downloaded, such as for automatic updates of the software, then use cryptographic signatures for the code and modify the download clients to verify the signatures. Ensure that the implementation does not contain CWE-295, CWE-320, CWE-347, and related weaknesses. - Use code signing technologies such as Authenticode. See references [REF-454] [REF-455] [REF-456].
Gia cố môi trường · Kiến trúc và thiết kế, Vận hànhRun your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Môi trường cô lập (sandbox/jail) · Kiến trúc và thiết kế, Vận hành · Hiệu quả: Hạn chếRun the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software. OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations. This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise. Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.The effectiveness of this mitigation depends on the prevention capabilities of the specific sandbox or jail being used and might only help to reduce the scope of an attack, such as restricting the attacker to certain system calls or limiting the portion of the file system that can be accessed.

Cách phát hiện trong hệ thống

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Phương pháp	Cách làm	Hiệu quả
Phân tích thủ công	This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. Specifically, manual static analysis is typically required to find the behavior that triggers the download of code, and to determine whether integrity-checking methods are in use.These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.	-
Hộp đen	Use monitoring tools that examine the software's process as it interacts with the operating system and the network. This technique is useful in cases when source code is unavailable, if the software was not developed by you, or if you want to verify that the build phase did not introduce any new weaknesses. Examples include debuggers that directly attach to the running process; system-call tracing utilities such as truss (Solaris) and strace (Linux); system activity monitors such as FileMon, RegMon, Process Monitor, and other Sysinternals utilities (Windows); and sniffers and protocol analyzers that monitor network traffic. Attach the monitor to the process and also sniff the network connection. Trigger features related to product updates or plugin installation, which is likely to force a code download. Monitor when files are downloaded and separately executed, or if they are otherwise read back into the process. Look for evidence of cryptographic library calls that use integrity checking.	-
Phân tích tĩnh tự động	Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)	Cao

Lỗ hổng điển hình

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Dưới đây là các lỗ hổng tiêu biểu liên quan đến CWE-494, dựa theo mức độ ưu tiên

Nguồn (2)

MITRE CWE

CWE Terms of Use

CWE-494: Download of Code Without Integrity Check

CWE-494 là gì?

Xác minh để phân tích mục CWE này

Số lượng lỗ hổng nằm trong CWE-494

Số lượng lỗ hổng trong CISA KEV của CWE-494

Định nghĩa chính thức

Đặc điểm

Giai đoạn hình thành

Hậu quả thường gặp

Biện pháp giảm thiểu rủi ro

Cách phát hiện trong hệ thống

Lỗ hổng điển hình

Tài liệu bổ trợ

Kiểm tra chuyên sâu cùng giải pháp quản lý rủi ro Web toàn diện

Tìm hiểu các tài nguyên khác từ CyStack

Báo cáo độ an toàn trang Web

Nghiên cứu của CyStack

Kiến thức về An ninh mạng