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Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Confused Deputy — This weakness is sometimes referred to as the "Confused deputy" problem, in which an attacker misuses the authority of one victim (the "confused deputy") to use that victim's legitimate (restricted) capabilities to target another victim.

Kiến trúc và thiết kế: REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.
Kiến trúc và thiết kế: Since proxy functionality and message-forwarding often serve a legitimate purpose, this issue only becomes a vulnerability when: - The product runs with different privileges or on a different system, or otherwise has different levels of access than the upstream component; - The attacker is prevented from making the request directly to the target; and - The attacker can create a request that the proxy does not explicitly intend to be forwarded on the behalf of the requester. Such a request might point to an unexpected hostname, port number, hardware IP, or service. Or, the request might be sent to an allowed service, but the request could contain disallowed directives, commands, or resources.

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Tác động	Phạm vi	Diễn giải
Chiếm đặc quyền hoặc mạo danh, Che giấu hoạt động, Thực thi mã hoặc lệnh trái phép, Vượt qua cơ chế bảo vệ	Chống chối bỏ, Kiểm soát truy cập	If an attacker cannot directly contact a target, but the product has access to the target, then the attacker can send a request to the product and have it be forwarded to the target. The source of this request would appear to be coming from the product's system, not the attacker's system, leading the product/system to act as a proxy or other intermediary between the upstream component and the external actor. As a result, the attacker can bypass access controls (such as firewalls) or hide the source of malicious requests, since the requests would not be coming directly from the attacker.

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Kiến trúc và thiết kếEnforce the use of strong mutual authentication mechanism between the two parties.
Kiến trúc và thiết kếWhenever a product is an intermediary or proxy for transactions between two other components, the proxy core should not drop the identity of the initiator of the transaction. The immutability of the identity of the initiator must be maintained and should be forwarded all the way to the target.

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Phương pháp	Cách làm	Hiệu quả
Phân tích tĩnh tự động	Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)	Cao

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Dưới đây là các lỗ hổng tiêu biểu liên quan đến CWE-441, dựa theo mức độ ưu tiên

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