Định nghĩa chính thức

TheoMitre CWE

Đặc điểm

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Giai đoạn hình thành

Kiến trúc và thiết kế: OMISSION: This weakness is caused by missing a security tactic during the architecture and design phase.
Kiến trúc và thiết kế: Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
Vận hành: When migrating data to the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), there is a risk of losing the protections that were originally provided by hosting on internal networks. If access does not require authentication, it can be easier for attackers to access the data from anywhere on the Internet.

Hậu quả thường gặp

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Tác động	Phạm vi	Diễn giải
Chiếm đặc quyền hoặc mạo danh, Thay đổi tùy ngữ cảnh	Kiểm soát truy cập, Khác	Exposing critical functionality essentially provides an attacker with the privilege level of that functionality. The consequences will depend on the associated functionality, but they can range from reading or modifying sensitive data, accessing administrative or other privileged functionality, or possibly even executing arbitrary code.

Biện pháp giảm thiểu rủi ro

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Kiến trúc và thiết kếDivide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability. Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port. In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Kiến trúc và thiết kếFor any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Kiến trúc và thiết kếWhere possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks. In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Thư viện hoặc framework · Kiến trúc và thiết kếUse a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Hiện thực hóa, Cấu hình hệ thống, Vận hànhWhen storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].

Cách phát hiện trong hệ thống

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Phương pháp	Cách làm	Hiệu quả
Phân tích thủ công	This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. Specifically, manual static analysis is useful for evaluating the correctness of custom authentication mechanisms.These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.	—
Phân tích tĩnh tự động	Automated static analysis is useful for detecting commonly-used idioms for authentication. A tool may be able to analyze related configuration files, such as .htaccess in Apache web servers, or detect the usage of commonly-used authentication libraries. Generally, automated static analysis tools have difficulty detecting custom authentication schemes. In addition, the software's design may include some functionality that is accessible to any user and does not require an established identity; an automated technique that detects the absence of authentication may report false positives.	Hạn chế
Phân tích tĩnh tệp nhị phân hoặc bytecode thủ công	According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Binary / Bytecode disassembler - then use manual analysis for vulnerabilities & anomalies	SOAR một phần
Phân tích động với diễn giải kết quả tự động	According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Web Application Scanner Web Services Scanner Database Scanners	SOAR một phần
Phân tích động với diễn giải kết quả thủ công	According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Host Application Interface Scanner Fuzz Tester Framework-based Fuzzer	SOAR một phần
Phân tích tĩnh mã nguồn thủ công	According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Focused Manual Spotcheck - Focused manual analysis of source Manual Source Code Review (not inspections)	SOAR một phần
Phân tích tĩnh mã nguồn tự động	According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Source code Weakness Analyzer Context-configured Source Code Weakness Analyzer	SOAR một phần
Rà soát kiến trúc hoặc thiết kế	According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful: ``` Highly cost effective: ``` Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.) Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction ``` Cost effective for partial coverage: ``` Attack Modeling	Cao

Lỗ hổng điển hình

Dữ liệu MITRE CWE chính thức

Dưới đây là các lỗ hổng tiêu biểu liên quan đến CWE-306, dựa theo mức độ ưu tiên

Nguồn (11)

CWE-306

CWE-306 là gì?

Thống kê dữ liệu

Số lượng lỗ hổng nằm trong CWE-306

Số lượng lỗ hổng trong CISA KEV của CWE-306

Định nghĩa chính thức

Đặc điểm

Giai đoạn hình thành

Hậu quả thường gặp

Biện pháp giảm thiểu rủi ro

Cách phát hiện trong hệ thống

Lỗ hổng điển hình

Kiểm tra chuyên sâu cùng giải pháp quản lý rủi ro Web toàn diện