CWE-125 là gì?
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| Tác động | Phạm vi | Diễn giải |
|---|---|---|
| Đọc bộ nhớ | Tính bí mật | An attacker could get secret values such as cryptographic keys, PII, memory addresses, or other information that could be used in additional attacks. |
| Vượt qua cơ chế bảo vệ | Tính bí mật | Out-of-bounds memory could contain memory addresses or other information that can be used to bypass ASLR and other protection mechanisms in order to improve the reliability of exploiting a separate weakness for code execution. |
| Từ chối dịch vụ: sập, thoát hoặc khởi động lại | Tính sẵn sàng | An attacker could cause a segmentation fault or crash by causing memory to be read outside of the bounds of the buffer. This is especially likely when the code reads a variable amount of data and assumes that a sentinel exists to stop the read operation, such as a NUL in a string. |
| Thay đổi tùy ngữ cảnh | Khác | The read operation could produce other undefined or unexpected results. |
| Phương pháp | Cách làm | Hiệu quả |
|---|---|---|
| Kiểm thử fuzzing | Fuzz testing (fuzzing) is a powerful technique for generating large numbers of diverse inputs - either randomly or algorithmically - and dynamically invoking the code with those inputs. Even with random inputs, it is often capable of generating unexpected results such as crashes, memory corruption, or resource consumption. Fuzzing effectively produces repeatable test cases that clearly indicate bugs, which helps developers to diagnose the issues. | Cao |
| Phân tích tĩnh tự động | Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.) | Cao |
| Phân tích động tự động | Use tools that are integrated during compilation to insert runtime error-checking mechanisms related to memory safety errors, such as AddressSanitizer (ASan) for C/C++ [REF-1518].Crafted inputs are necessary to reach the code containing the error, such as generated by fuzzers. Also, these tools may reduce performance, and they only report the error condition - not the original mistake that led to the error. | Khá |
Dưới đây là các lỗ hổng tiêu biểu liên quan đến CWE-125, dựa theo mức độ ưu tiên
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